Nicholas Ostler - The Last Lingua Franca English Until the Return of Babel

English is the world's lingua franca-the most widely spoken language in human history. And yet, as historian and linguist Nicholas Ostler persuasively argues, English will not only be displaced as the world's language in the not-distant future, it will be the last lingua franca, not replaced by another. Empire, commerce, and religion have been the primary raisons d'etre for lingua francas-Greek, Latin, Arabic have all held the position-and Ostler explores each through the lens of civilizations spanning the globe and history, from China and India to Russia and Europe. Three trends emerge that suggest the ultimate decline of English and other lingua francas. Movements throughout the world towards equality in society will downgrade the status of elites-and since elites are the prime users of non-native English, the language will gradually retreat to its native-speaking territories. The rising wealth of Brazil, Russia, India, and China will challenge the...

Nicholas Ostler - The Last Lingua Franca_English Until the Return of Babel.rar

Nicholas Ostler - The Last Lingua Franca_English Until the Return of Babel.rar